In the class I lead every Sunday, we’ve been spending a lot of time in the Old Testament. It’s important to understand where our religion began and to know its roots. Christianity did not begin with the birth of Jesus Christ and the Old and New Testaments are not separate phases in our history.
The only difference in the state of man in the Old and New Testaments is the event foretold by the prophets, the coming and the sacrifice of the Messiah. We were under the law before the resurrection of Jesus, but the law did not provide our salvation. (I say “we” even though I am not, by blood, Jewish, because everyone who has accepted Jesus as the promised Messiah, has been grafted into the family of Abraham. Because of this, we are adopted and share the Jewish heritage.) Salvation was obtained under Old Testament law exactly the same way it is obtained today, through faith.
This is the point that Paul if trying to convey to the Jewish believers in Rome. The Jews living in Rome understood and believed that Jesus WAS the promised one, but were having difficulty with gentiles who had come to believe. All their lives the Jewish believers had followed the law and, since Christianity was not a new religion but a continuation of the same religion they had always held, they did not see any reason to stop practicing the traditions and laws they had been raised with. They also felt that the gentiles coming to the faith should also follow the same laws.
The biggest point of contention was the question of circumcision. Should the gentiles submit to circumcision in order to join the faith? Wasn’t it a condition of salvation? If not, was circumcision meaningless, a pointless tradition?
Paul puts their doubts to rest by affirming that the practice was, in fact, important and necessary.
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Romans 3 (New King James Version)
1 What advantage then has the Jew, or what is the profit of circumcision? 2 Much in every way! Chiefly because to them were committed the oracles of God.
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Circumcision was a symbol of the covenant that God made with Abraham.
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Genesis 17
4 “As for Me, behold, My covenant is with you, and you shall be a father of many nations. 5 No longer shall your name be called Abram, but your name shall be Abraham; for I have made you a father of many nations. 6 I will make you exceedingly fruitful; and I will make nations of you, and kings shall come from you. 7 And I will establish My covenant between Me and you and your descendants after you in their generations, for an everlasting covenant, to be God to you and your descendants after you. 8 Also I give to you and your descendants after you the land in which you are a stranger, all the land of Canaan, as an everlasting possession; and I will be their God.”
9 And God said to Abraham: “As for you, you shall keep My covenant, you and your descendants after you throughout their generations. 10 This is My covenant which you shall keep, between Me and you and your descendants after you: Every male child among you shall be circumcised; 11 and you shall be circumcised in the flesh of your foreskins, and it shall be a sign of the covenant between Me and you.
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Paul points out that Abraham wasn’t circumcised when God proclaimed him righteous.
Romans 3
9 Does this blessedness then come upon the circumcised only, or upon the uncircumcised also? For we say that faith was accounted to Abraham for righteousness. 10 How then was it accounted? While he was circumcised or uncircumcised? Not while circumcised, but while uncircumcised. 11 And he received the sign of circumcision, a seal of the righteousness of the faith which he had while still uncircumcised, that he might be the father of all those who believe, though they are uncircumcised, that righteousness might be imputed to them also, 12 and the father of circumcision to those who not only are of the circumcision, but who also walk in the steps of the faith which our father Abraham had while still uncircumcised.
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It was a way to remember the covenant that God had made with Abraham. It was not a requirement for salvation. Paul goes on to explain that this applies to all aspects of the law, not just circumcision.
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Romans 3
13 For the promise that he would be the heir of the world was not to Abraham or to his seed through the law, but through the righteousness of faith. 14 For if those who are of the law are heirs, faith is made void and the promise made of no effect, 15 because the law brings about wrath; for where there is no law there is no transgression.
16 Therefore it is of faith that it might be according to grace, so that the promise might be sure to all the seed, not only to those who are of the law, but also to those who are of the faith of Abraham, who is the father of us all.
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Circumcision began with Abraham, but the law was given to the people through Moses. Abraham, the father of the nation, was the great-grandfather of Joseph, who brought his family to Egypt. The Hebrew nation lived in Egypt for 430 years before Moses led them out.
If the law was how you got saved then Abraham was lost. It wouldn’t even be available for several hundred years.
So what was the purpose of the law? Are we still under the law? Jesus addresses this issue in the sermon on the mount.
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Matthew 5
17 “Do not think that I came to destroy the Law or the Prophets. I did not come to destroy but to fulfill. 18 For assuredly, I say to you, till heaven and earth pass away, one jot or one tittle will by no means pass from the law till all is fulfilled.
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The law held the people accountable and served as a reminder that in order to have your sins forgiven, a price had to be paid. Under the law a sacrifice was brought to the temple and the high priest acted on your behalf, offering the sacrifice as payment for your sins. It wasn’t the actual spilling of animal blood that bought forgiveness. It was merely a symbol, a shadow, of the price that was to be paid by the Messiah, when he came.
If you obeyed the law prior to the crucifixion, that was good. But if you BELIEVED that God would forgive you while you performed the sacrifice, THAT was great! The sins of the people living before Jesus paid the price could not be washed away until the real sacrifice was made. Because of this, everyone who dies prior to the crucifixion went to a place called “The Bosom Of Abraham”. It was a place of rest until the sacrifice of Jesus made it possible for them to enter Heaven.
Nothing is different between the Old and New Testaments. The process and the requirements remain the same. Salvation has always been obtained through faith, not works.
But wait! What about “faith without works is dead”?
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James 2
18 But someone will say, “You have faith, and I have works.” Show me your faith without you] works, and I will show you my faith by my works. 19 You believe that there is one God. You do well. Even the demons believe—and tremble! 20 But do you want to know, O foolish man, that faith without works is dead?] 21 Was not Abraham our father justified by works when he offered Isaac his son on the altar? 22 Do you see that faith was working together with his works, and by works faith was made perfect? 23 And the Scripture was fulfilled which says, “Abraham believed God, and it was accounted to him for righteousness.”]And he was called the friend of God. 24 You see then that a man is justified by works, and not by faith only.
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This is the scripture that was used when I was growing up in the Mormon church to prove that the “born agains” were wrong and headed for hell. I have to admit, it was very difficult for me to come to grips with the concept of salvation through faith after all those years of indoctrination.
So how does this all fit together? Is this one of contradictions in the Bible that people love to throw at you?
I look at my relationship with Jesus in the same way I look at my marriage. In fact, the Church is “the bride of Christ”. I am legally married to an amazing woman, and I would never do anything to jeopardize that relationship. I don’t play around and I work everyday at making her happy (I’m not always successful, but I try J). But its not the legal documents that make me want to please her, it’s because I love her.
If I would tell her I love her then go out and play around, it would make what I said meaningless. How could someone possibly love someone else if they are fooling around on the side? This is the “works” part of the marriage.
Saying that you believe in Jesus doesn’t mean anything unless you are doing something about it. You aren’t saved by sitting in church every week. God doesn’t take roll. You aren’t saved by a confession of faith followed by nothing, a continuation of the life you lived before.
You are saved by REAL faith. The kind of faith that motivates you to work toward a stronger relationship with Jesus. Faith that drives your works, not empty faith, not empty works.
It’s important that the works you do are done out of your desire to please God. If you find yourself going through the motions because this is what you are supposed to do… stop! This is how you cross the line into legalism. Get back to the reason you started doing whatever it is in the first place.
Faith without works is dead, and so is works without faith.
Randy Reed Faith, General Notes bible study guide, christian bible studies, contradictions in the Bible, faith without works